Human trafficking is the recruitment, transportation, harbouring, or control of a person for the purpose of exploitation, often through force, fraud, coercion, or abuse of power.
Possible signs someone may be experiencing human trafficking include noticeable changes in behavior, physical well‑being, and social circumstances. These indicators are often subtle but, when observed together, can be strong warning signs:
- Sudden shifts in mood or behavior.
- Avoids eye contact and appears overly obedient or afraid, especially when around another controlling person
- Scripted or rehearsed responses.
- Shows signs of psychological trauma.
- Fear or distrust of authority figures.
- Signs of physical abuse or neglect.
- Evidence of branding or tattoos.
- Poor hygiene or exhaustion.
- Restricted freedom of movement.
- Monitored or accompanied.
- Lack of personal identification or finances.
- Living/working in poor conditions.
- Isolation from family or community.
- New access to cash or items.
Note: No single sign confirms trafficking, but multiple indicators together increase concern. If you suspect someone is a victim, contact the police.
What to do if you suspect human trafficking
- 911
- Canadian Human Trafficking Hotline: 1‑833‑900‑1010 or online tip
Available 24/7, confidential, multilingual support. - Victim Services Canada: 1-705-370-3378
- Kids Help Phone: 1‑800‑668‑6868 or text CONNECT to 686868 (for youth support).
Other Support
- Crime Stoppers: 1‑800‑222‑TIPS (8477) (anonymous tips)
Human Trafficking in Canada – Key Facts
1. Fastest-Growing Crime
Human trafficking is recognized as one of the fastest-growing crimes globally.
Source: UNODC, UN General Assembly
2. Average Age of Recruitment
The average age of recruitment into sex trafficking in Ontario is 13 years old.
Source: Ontario Government Human Trafficking Strategy
3. Victim Age Demographics
About 63% of police-identified victims of human trafficking in Canada are under 25 years old.
Source: Statistics Canada
4. Geographic Concentration
Approximately two-thirds of police-reported cases occur in Ontario.
Source: Statistics Canada, Ontario Government
5. Disproportionate Impact on Indigenous Peoples
Indigenous women, girls, and Two-Spirit people are overrepresented among those sexually exploited through trafficking in Canada.
Source: Native Women’s Association of Canada, ONWA